Everyday Life in the Classic Maya World introduces readers to a range of people who lived during the Classic period (200–800 CE) of Maya civilization. Traci Ardren here reconstructs the individual experiences of Maya people across all social arenas and experiences, including less-studied populations, such as elders, children, and non-gender binary people. Putting people, rather than objects, at the heart of her narrative, she examines the daily activities of a small rural household of farmers and artists, hunting and bee-keeping rituals, and the bustling activities of the urban marketplace. Ardren bases her study on up-to-date and diverse sources and approaches, including archaeology, art history, epigraphy, and ethnography. Her volume reveals the stories of ancient Maya people and also shows the relevance of those stories today. Written in an engaging style, Everyday Life in the Classic Maya World offers readers at all levels a view into the amazing accomplishments of a culture that continues to fascinate.

This book presents the theory and evidence on the effect of market liquidity and liquidity risk on asset prices and on overall securities market performance. Illiquidity means incurring a high transaction cost, which includes a large price impact when trading and facing a long time to unload a large position. Liquidity risk is higher if a security becomes more illiquid when it needs to be traded in the future, which will raise trading cost. The book shows that higher illiquidity and greater liquidity risk reduce securities prices and raise the expected return that investors require as compensation. Aggregate market liquidity is linked to funding liquidity, which affects the provision of liquidity services. When these become constrained, there is a liquidity crisis which leads to downward price and liquidity spiral. Overall, the volume demonstrates the important role of liquidity in asset pricing.

Volume VI of the new edition of The Cambridge Ancient History begins with Sparta attempting to consolidate its leadership of mainland Greece and ends with the death of Alexander the Great after he had conquered the Persian Empire and marched far into India. It is correspondingly wide-ranging in its treatment of the politics and economy, not only of old Greece, but of the Near East and the western Mediterranean. The century also saw the continued development of Classical Greek art and the moulding of Greek prose as an uniquely flexible means of expression. The formation of the great philosophical schools assured to Athens in her political decline a long future as a cultural centre, and established patterns of thought which dominated western civilization for two thousand years.

This first part of the first volume of the Cambridge Ancient History series examines the prehistory of the Near East, beginning with an overview of the geological ages and continues through the early human settlements, and then the lithic and chalcolithic periods. The regions examined are: Anatolia, Mesopotamia, the Aegean, Cyprus, and predynastic Egypt.<br /><br />This volume describes in detail the basis for the later development of city based societies in this region.

Part II of volume I describes the early historical period of the Near East from about 3000 to 1750 B.C. <br /><br />In Egypt, a long period of political unification and stability enabled the kings of the Old Kingdom to develop and exploit natural resources, to mobilize both the manpower and the technical skill to build the pyramids, and to encourage sculptors in the production of works of superlative quality. After a period of anarchy and civil war at the end of the Sixth Dynasty the local rulers of Thebes established the so-called Middle Kingdom, restoring an age of political calm in which the arts could again flourish. <br /><br />In Western Asia, Babylonia was the main centre and source of civilisation, and her moral, though not always her military, hegemony was recognized and accepted by the surrounding countries of Anatolia, Syria, Palestine, Assyria and Elam. The history of the region is traced from the late Uruk and Jamdat Nasr periods up to the rise of Hammurabi, the most significant developments being the invention of writing in the Uruk period, the emergence of the Semites as a political factor under Sargon, and the success of the centralized bureaucracy under the Third Dynasty of Ur.

This first part of volume II of the series deals with the history of the Near East in the first half of the second millennium BC. This was the era of Hammurabi in Western Asia, the Hyksos and warrior-kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty in Egypt, and the Minoan and early Mycenaean civilizations in Crete and mainland Greece.<br /><br />The first edition of this series, published a half century ago, has been greatly expanded, so much so that now two separate books are required.

Volume II Part 2 deals with the history of the region from about 1380 to 1000 B.C., and includes accounts of Akhenaten and the Amarna 'revolution' in Egypt, the expansion and final decline of the Mycenaean civilization in Greece, the exodus and wanderings of the Israelites, and the Assyrian and Hittite empires.

Volume III of Cambridge Ancient History series examines Greece, the Balkans, and the Near and Far East between the tenth and eight centuries B.C. The original edition was included within one book, however, due to the greatly expanded research over the past half century, the volume is now divided into three books.<br /><br />Volume III Part 1 opens with a survey of the Balkans north of Greece in the Prehistoric period. This is the first time such a survey has been published of this area, which besides its intrinsic interest, is important for its influence on the cultures of the Aegean and Anatolia. The remainder of the book is devoted to the tenth to the eighth centuries B.C. In Greece and the Aegean the main theme is the gradual regeneration from the Dark Age and the emergence of a society in which can be seen the beginnings of the city-state. During the same period in Western Asia and the Middle East the Kingdoms of Assyria and Babylonia rise to power, the Urartians appear, and in Palestine the kingdoms of Israel and Judah flourish. In Egypt the country's fortunes revive briefly under Shoshenq I. The final chapter in this part deals with the languages of Greece and the Balkans and with the invention and spread of alphabetic writing.

Volume III of Cambridge Ancient History series examines Greece, the Balkans, and the Near and Far East between the tenth and eight centuries BC. The original edition was included within one book, however, due to the greatly expanded research over the past half century, the volume is now divided into three books.<br /><br />The Cambridge Ancient History Volume III Part 2 carries on the history of the Near East from the close of Volume III Part 1, and covers roughly the same chronological period as Volume III Part 3. During this period the dominant powers in the East were Assyria and then Babylonia. Each established an extensive empire which was based on Mesopotamia, and each in turn fell largely through internal strife. <br /><br />Assyrian might was reflected in the imposing palaces, libraries and sculptures of the Assyrian kings. Babylonian culture was outstanding in literature, mathematics and astronomy, and the great buildings of Nebuchadnezzar II surpassed even those of the Assyrian kings. Israel and Judah suffered at the hands of both imperial powers, Jerusalem being destroyed and part of the population deported to Babylon; and Egypt was weakened by an Assyrian invasion. The Phoenicians found a new outlet in colonising and founded Carthage. A number of small, vigorous kingdoms developed in Asia Minor, while from the north and north east the Scythian nomadic tribes pressed down upon Turkey and the Danube valley, but found their match in the Thracian tribes which held south-eastern Europe and parts of western Turkey. The burials of the chieftains of both peoples were remarkable for the great wealth of offerings.

This fourth volume in the Cambridge Ancient History centres on events in Greece and Persia in the sixth and fifth centuries BC, from the creation of the Persian empire to the defeat of the empire's invasion of Greece.<br /><br />The first section of the volume examines the Persian empire, its territories, and its expansion under Cyrus, Darius, and Xerxes. Second, in this era, Sparta attained maturity as the leader of a military coalition and Athens passed through a period of enlightened tyranny to a moderate democracy of dynamic energy and intelligence. <br /><br />Given the contrast between Greek idealism and Persian absolutism a clash between the two empires was inevitable. Important chapters deal with the revolt of Ionian Greeks against the Persians, and the two Persian invasions of Greece, including the epic battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis. <br /><br />The third division of the volume turns to the Western Mediterranean: Italy has now become a significant factor in the area's historical development and is explored in terms of its peoples and languages from the Bronze to the Iron Ages.

Volume V of the new edition of The Cambridge Ancient History encompasses the first classic age of European civilization—the fifth century B.C. <br /><br />This was the first and last period before the Romans in which great political and military power was located in the same place as cultural importance. This volume, therefore, is more narrowly focused geographically than its predecessors and successors, and hardly strays beyond Greece. Athens is at the center of the picture, both politically and culturally, but events and achievements elsewhere are assessed as carefully as the nature of our sources allows. Two series of narrative chapters, one on the growth of the Athenian empire and the development of Athenian democracy, the other on the Peloponnesian War that brought them down, are divided by a series of studies in which the artistic and literary achievements of the fifth century are described.

This seventh volume of the Cambridge Ancient History series examines the period following the death of Alexander to the coming of the Romans to the eastern Mediterranean (323-217 B.C.). Separate chapters deal with the main kingdoms, Ptolemaic Egypt, Seleucid Asia, and Macedonia, also with mainland Greece, Sicily and the smaller states, including Pergamum. Political events are fully described and assessed, with chapters on the historical sources, on the institution of monarchy and the ideology surrounding it, on the main cultural, social and economic aspects of the Hellenistic world and on the development of Hellenistic science, especially in relation to its application in peace and war<br /><br />This volume was first published in 1928, and included the history of both Rome and the Hellenistic Era in one book. These two subjects have now been extensively researched and re-written, and are now divided into two. In a departure from the previous volume, there is less emphasis on military detail than in the first edition. <br /><br />The Cambridge Ancient History is designed both for the scholar, and for the interested reader who wishes a detailed examination of the ancient world.

The Cambridge Ancient History series is a comprehensive account of ancient history, spanning Prehistory to Late Antiquity, published by the Cambridge University Press.<br /><br />The first edition, consisting of twelve volumes, was planned by J. B. Bury, and published between 1924 and 1939. It proved to be successful and popular, both with scholars and the interested public.<br /><br />Between 1970 and 2005 a second edition of the series, of fourteen volumes and nineteen books was produced. This new edition was extensively revised and rewritten so as to take account of the vast amount of new material and research that had come about in the intervening decades. There are also two additional volumes that carry the history forward from Constantine to A.D. 600.<br /><br />This is the complete edition, of fourteen volumes in nineteen books, published in one box set.

This volume of the The Cambridge Ancient History traces the history of Rome from its origins to the eve of the Second Punic War. It begins with a survey of sources for early Roman history. An examination of the first discernible traces of the Bronze Age settlement is followed by an assessment of the regal period. The complex and often controversial history of the early republic is analyzed with reference to its internal development, the evolution of its relationships with the Latins, and its ruthless assaults upon various parts of Italy. Later sections discuss the intervention of Pyrrhus and its aftermath which leads to consideration of Rome's relationships with Carthage, the First Punic War, and the beginnings of overseas empire. Rome is considered from a different perspective in a chapter on society and religion.

Volume VIII begins immediately prior to the Second Punic War and concludes with the Roman destruction of the Greek city of Corinth in 133 B.C. This period marks Rome's expansion, from an Italian power, into the effective ruler of the Mediterranean world. The volume deals with the Second Punic War, the first Roman involvement across the Adriatic, conquests in Cisalpine Gaul, Spain and Africa in the west, and then to in the east with Macedonia, the Seleucid empire, and finally the Greeks.<br /><br />Interspersed with these themes are chapters on the Seleucids and their rivals, the Greeks of Bactria and India, the internal political life of Rome, and developments in Rome's relationships with her allies and neighbors in Italy. Two concluding chapters explore the interactions, both intellectual and material, between the Roman and Italian tradition, and the Greek world.

Volume IX of the second edition of The Cambridge Ancient History has for its main theme the process commonly known as the "Fall of the Roman Republic." Chapters 1-12 supply a narrative of the period from 133 B.C. to the death of Cicero in 43 B.C., with a prelude analyzing the situation and problems of the Republic from the turning-point year 146 B.C. Chapters 13-19 offer analysis of aspects of Roman society, institutions and ideas during the period.

The period described in this volume begins in the year after the death of Julius Caesar and ends in the year after the fall of Nero. Its main theme is the transformation of the political configuration of the state to a dynastic monarchy and the establishment of the Roman Empire. Central to the period is the achievement of the first emperor, Augustus.

Volume 11 of The Cambridge Ancient History covers the history of the Roman empire from A.D. 70 to 192, from Vespasian to the Antonines. <br /><br />The volume begins with the political and military history of the period. Developments in the structure of the empire are then examined, including the organization and personnel of the central government and province-based institutions and practices. A series of provincial studies follows, and the society, economy and culture of the empire as a whole are reviewed in a group of thematic chapters.

This volume covers the history of the Roman Empire from the accession of Septimius Severus in AD 193 to the death of Constantine in AD 337. <br /><br />The period begins with the establishment of the Severan dynasty as a result of civil war. From AD 235 this period of relative stability was followed by half a century of short reigns of short-lived emperors and a number of military attacks on the eastern and northern frontiers of the empire. This was followed by the First Tetrarchy (A.D. 284-305), a period of collegial rule in which Diocletian, with his colleague Maximian and two junior Caesars (Constantius and Galerius), restabilised the empire. The period ends with the reign of the first Christian emperor, Constantine, who defeated Licinius and established a dynasty which lasted for thirty-five years.