内陆欧亚
欧亚草原东部的金属之路 豆瓣
作者: 杨建华 / 邵会秋 出版社: 上海古籍出版社 2016 - 4
杨建华、邵会秋、潘玲编著的《欧亚草原东部的金属之路(精)》重点在于研究不同地区与文化之间的文化交往,这种交往是传播者与接受者的一种互动。传播是指物质特征从一种文化向另一种文化的传递。传递的方式有人群的迁徙和文化因素的次第传播,在次第传播过程中接受的特征往往会发生变异。交往会导致双方文化发生改变。例如铁器时代早期,短剑、战斧等武器以及马具在欧亚草原迅速的大范围的传播,是由于各地畜牧专业化的发展不得不采取了游动的放牧方式,各部族之间也因此为草场的争夺不断发生战争,这些新式的武器和马具正好迎合了这种需要。传播的接受者由于采用了新式武器和马具,使社会发生了巨大的变化,最明显的标志就是武士阶层的兴起,社会等级化迅速发展。迁徙(人口的流动)是传播最迅速的一种方式。在研究传播方与接受方的关系时,尤其需要注意的是传播方的器物组合,它反映了这个社会的特点,例如工具与武器的比例、马具所占比例以及实用器与奢侈品所占比例,反映了社会的武装性、游动性以及社会上层维系的手段等信息。接受方接受了哪些功能的器物,则反映了这个社会的特点。
原始思维化石 豆瓣
作者: 王炳华 出版社: 商务印书馆 2014 - 2
在古代人类不能洞悉、也无能力控制子嗣繁衍时,追求强大生殖能力的生殖崇拜,曾是普遍信仰。植根在这一信仰土壤上,通过各种手段寻求非人间力量的佑助,实现孕育子孙的愿望,就出现了相关的巫术行为。新疆呼图壁天山深处康家石门子岩壁上,保留至今的一区大型岩刻画,生动展现了当年新疆原始居民的这一朴素愿望及巫术实践。这是本人发现、曾报导过并引发世界关注的一处考古遗存。岩刻高悬峭壁,画面距地表最高达14米,画面面积120平方米,画面人物高者过于真人,小者只20厘米上下。画面作男女媾合、女性环绕对马舞蹈、男性人物胸膛中有小人、媾合后丛生的小儿群聚欢舞等画面。岩刻下,有厚厚的火灰层。傍近,发掘过高达60厘米的两性合体石雕。山体高耸,岩壁周围溪水环绕,所在地点远离居民区,至今少有人迹,未受后期人们的增删、破坏。因而是分析、认识去今三千年前后古代先民原始思维、原始艺术、原始巫术、原始舞蹈的珍贵刻石,极富思想文化价值,也可约略窥见岩刻主人与周邻地区古代民族文化的关联。
A History of Inner Asia 豆瓣
作者: Svat Soucek 出版社: Cambridge University Press 2000 - 3
Svat Soucek's book offers a short and accessible introduction to the history of Inner Asia. The narrative, which begins with the arrival of Islam, charts the rise and fall of the different dynasties right up to the Russian conquest. Dynastic tables and maps augment and elucidate the text. The contemporary focus rests on the seven countries which make up the core of present-day Eurasia, that is Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Sinkiang and Mongolia. Since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, renewed interest in these countries has prompted considerable political, cultural, economic and religious debate. While a divergent literature has evolved in consequence, no comprehensive survey of the region has been attempted. Soucek's history promises to fill this gap and to become an indispensable source of information for anyone studying or visiting the region.
The Royal Hunt in Eurasian History 豆瓣
作者: Thomas T. Allsen 出版社: University of Pennsylvania Press 2006 - 5
From antiquity to the nineteenth century, the royal hunt was a vital component of the political cultures of the Middle East, India, Central Asia, and China. Besides marking elite status, royal hunts functioned as inspection tours and imperial progresses, a means of asserting kingly authority over the countryside. The hunt was, in fact, the "court out-of-doors," an open-air theater for displays of majesty, the entertainment of guests, and the bestowal of favor on subjects.
In the conduct of interstate relations, great hunts were used to train armies, show the flag, and send diplomatic signals. Wars sometimes began as hunts and ended as celebratory chases. Often understood as a kind of covert military training, the royal hunt was subject to the same strict discipline as that applied in war and was also a source of innovation in military organization and tactics.
Just as human subjects were to recognize royal power, so was the natural kingdom brought within the power structure by means of the royal hunt. Hunting parks were centers of botanical exchange, military depots, early conservation reserves, and important links in local ecologies. The mastery of the king over nature served an important purpose in official renderings: as a manifestation of his possession of heavenly good fortune he could tame the natural world and keep his kingdom safe from marauding threats, human or animal. The exchanges of hunting partners—cheetahs, elephants, and even birds—became diplomatic tools as well as serving to create an elite hunting culture that transcended political allegiances and ecological frontiers.
This sweeping comparative work ranges from ancient Egypt to India under the Raj. With a magisterial command of contemporary sources, literature, material culture, and archaeology, Thomas T. Allsen chronicles the vast range of traditions surrounding this fabled royal occupation.
瀚海天山 豆瓣
作者: 刘子凡 出版社: 中西书局 2016 - 3
伊州(今哈密)、西州(今吐鲁番)、庭州(今吉木萨尔县),是唐朝在西域地区设立的三个重要边州,扼守自中原进入西域的门户,是唐朝经营西域的根本所在,也是唐代伊西北庭节度使控制的区域。《瀚海天山——唐代伊、西、庭三州军政体制研究》以唐代伊、西、庭三州为研究对象,充分利用敦煌吐鲁番出土文书和传世史料,详细勾勒了伊、西、庭三州建立、发展、废止的历史,指出了其自安西都护府治下的伊、西、庭军政体系到北庭节度使节制的伊、西、北庭军政体系的发展过程,及相关历史背景。同时,《瀚海天山》一书对于唐代西域史上很多聚讼纷纭的问题,如金山都护府的兴废、瀚海军的设立、安西与北庭两节度使的关系等,都在前人研究基础上进行了周密的考证,多有创见。